The Pardoner as Symbol in Geoffrey Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales Essay

The Pardoner as Symbol for the Pilgrims’ Unattainable Goals in Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales Geoffrey Chaucer’s work, The Canterbury Tales, paints a representation of medieval life through the voices and accounts of a wide assortment of speakers. The individuals on the Pilgrimage recount to their accounts for a wide scope of reasons. Every Tale is advised so as to achieve two things. The Tales incite their crowd as much as they are a sort of self-reflection. These responses run from humor, to extraordinary annoyance, to open esteem. Every story is emblematic for a significance over the genuine plot of the account itself. The topic of social and good equalization is one subject which ties each character and Tale together. The character of the Pardoner epitomizes this perfect. By encapsulating symbolism of parity in his character and in his story, the Pardoner turns into an image for the Pilgrims’ out of reach objective of otherworldly and good equalization. All the characters in The Canterbury Tales are on a journey. Their physical excursion takes them to the house of God at Canterbury, to visit the holy place of a previous diocese supervisor, Thomas a Becket. At the point when their accounts are taken a gander at metaphorically, the journey takes on another importance. Past a physical excursion, these Pilgrims connect with their psyches and contemplations upon an emblematic excursion. The subjects of their accounts differ broadly, yet basic to everything is simply the longing information and comprehension. The Knight’s Tale, with its accentuation on cultured love and chivalric goals, is a depiction of the progressions occurring inside the higher classes of medieval English society. The tanked Miller shows his annoyance towards the nobility by telling a farce of the Knight’s Tale. The Pardoner’s Tale recounts to the narrative of three youngsters who wa... ...omes a method of accommodating the unequal bits of human involvement with request to advance development despite wrongdoing and passing. Works Cited and Consulted Ames, Ruth M. God’s Plenty Chaucer’s Christian Humanism. Loyola University Press: Chicago, 1984. Chaucer, Geoffrey. The Pardoner’s Tale. The Canterbury Tales: Nine Tales and the General Prologue. Ed. V.A. Kolve. New York: W. W. Norton and Company, 1989. Colby, Elbridge. Chaucer’s Christian Morality. The Bruce Publishing Company: Milwaukee, 1936. Ellis, Roger. Examples of Religious Narrative in the Canterbury Tales. Banes and Noble: Totowa, 1986. Patterson, Lee. Recovery in Chaucer's Pardoner’s Tale.† Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies. Durham; Fall 2001. 507-560 Reiff, Raychel Haugrud. â€Å"Chaucer’s The Pardoner’s Tale.† The Explicator. Washington, Summer 1999. 855-58

Information Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Data Policy - Essay Example ough interest in instruction is exceptionally vital, it is limited by the spending limitations of the accessible assets (Global-financial symposium.org, 2015). The present reality is an innovative world, and everyone would not wish to be abandoned in the wake of these turns of events. Data innovation (IT) as a subset of training may be, in this way, a fundamental instrument to make all adjust understudies furnished with important information and aptitudes around processing and specialized gadgets. Learning frameworks have gone advanced, for instance, e-learning and Skype, in this way changing the whole training to a totally different computerized stage. These variables focus on IT interest in instruction frameworks. Instruction frameworks of creating nations are moderately restricted contrasted with industrialized countries due money related deficiencies, constrained web get to, insufficiently prepared instructors just as absence of appropriate arrangements and execution techniques (Heeks, 2002). Creating nations likewise face computerized partition between nations as well as inside the nations themselves. In created nations, for example, the USA, all understudies approach IT in homerooms, schools and home with all instructors utilizing IT. The students additionally get to data and PC education effectively with the web all over. Training innovation is a logical guideline in the instructing in industrialized nations. It is a general term that isn't similarly as a progression of segments or procedures. The information includes instruction innovation in instructing, programming training, self-training, and framework propensity that are simply dreams in creating nations. Worldwide monetary symposium.org, (2015). Effective Investments in Education †Global Economic Symposium. Recovered 1 July 2015, from

Fig. 6 Eigenverantwortung

Fig. 6 Eigenverantwortung Theyre not kidding when they say the Swiss are some of the most On-Top-Of-It people in the World. During the exchange orientation session at ETH, the word Eigenverantwortung popped up during one of the slidesthrowback to 18.06. This 18-letter worda combination of autonomy, self-reliance, and individual responsibilityserved as a preemptive warning for us to get our sh*t togetherlearn to become highly-responsible, functioning, independent Adults (if that wasnt already expected of us to begin with). Just for kicks, lets revisit Junior Fall for a sec, and see how all that Eigenverantwortung Adultness panned out. I had received the offer to study abroad at ETH, and all I needed to do was fill out some required forms and I would be on my way to living that dream Suisse way of life. Simple as that. Or so I thought. Heres the progression of my todo list leading up to orientation and all the Adult things I needed to keep track of: Accept the offer to study at ETH Pick classes from the course catalog and fill out a study plan and follow all the guidelines. Make a spreadsheet first, of course. Submit my transcript, passport photo, headshot, CV, motivation letter to ETH. Secure a room in student housing from the Housing Office. Register for the intensive German course at University of Zrich. Fill out the forms to acquire a visa and mail my passport to the Swiss embassy. If you receive an email with the subject, Application academically incorrect, figure out a way to explain that you pre-regd MIT-style, putting down more classes than you will take because you have no idea whats going on at ETH and dont know any upperclassmen or Informatik students to ask what the courses are like and hope that the exchange coordinator buys into that argument. Drop by the pre-departure events set up by GECD. Yay for a chance to meet my fellow exchangers. :) Realise that you still havent submitted your visa application, and on the form it says Please note that processing your visa application might take up to 3 months, but its December and you leave for Switzerland in less than 2 months, so you just freak out, but luckily you ask someone who did the ETH exchange the year before but in Course 2, and you are reminded that youre dealing with the Swiss, and they will get things done quickly and efficiently so no need to worry, just send it in now, and throughout the process you bond with the other exchangers in a group chat who are also going through the same struggles and hope you make it all together. Pick up your visa authorisation in the mail, but now you have to send in your passport to the Swiss consulate in NYC, oh, but then you realise that youre going back home in two weeks, and hope that you get your passport in the mail on time because you put down your Boston address, and if not you dont know what youre going to do, like have someone still in Boston mail it to you, but do I know anyone still in Boston during Winter Break? Accept your room offer in one of the student houses and wire the required deposit. Figure out how to do an international wire online, but fail, so scramble to visit the nearest Bank of America to have it done in person and realise there is a $40 or something fee, but what else are you going to do, you waited until the last minute and dont want to be homeless in a new country. When you get your ETH email, forward your mail so that you dont miss anything important. Because you probably will and the administration will have no mercy if you miss a deadline. Its the Swiss youre working with, after all, and everything is ruthlessly orderly and efficient. Receive your passport with your shiny new visa in the mail, thank goodness, because you dont know what you wouldve done otherwise. Attend the MIT Global Education Health and Safety Workshop just to make sure you realise youre going abroad. Attend the GECD Academic Preparation Cultural Adjustment Session to really make sure you realise youre going abroad and hope your passport and visa come in time. Fill out the Study Abroad Worksheet which requires getting transfer credit approval from Course 6 and the German department for the German courses to count as HASS classes; meeting with your academic advisor for more approval and signatures; meeting with SFS to figure out tuition billing; meeting with MIT Medical to cancel MIT health insurance because youre getting Swiss health insurance. Then, turn in said worksheet to GECD. Send in a copy of your passport and itinerary to GECD and complete the MIT Travel Registry. MIT has your back in case anything goes wrong. Chat with a former Course 2 ETH exchange alum, MIT 16, who reaches out after reading the blogs and offers some solid advice, thanks. :) Book your ticket to Zrich! Youre almost there! Pack for your next 9 months in one large suitcase and carry on because you wont be returning back to Boston until the beginning of fall semester. Throw the rest of your stuff into storage. Say bye to everyone and hope they wont forget about you or have too much fun without you when youre gone. Arrive in Zrich. Figure out how to get from the Zurich airport to the student house first. And when you take the train instead of the tram when you were specifically told to take the tram then be thankful you have free 2G international roaming thanks to T-Mobile. Finally, meet with the house responsible and check in to your new room. Brace yourself for culture shock with this handy-dandy guide appropriately titled, How to Deal with the Challenges of Studying Abroad. Make sure you pick up your student documents from the Student Exchange Office which contains your fancy new student card, confirmations of matriculation, a confirmation letter and information for obtaining your residence permit and a lot of additional information on your mobility period and ETH Zurich. Go to the Housing Office and sign some more forms and the rental contract. Register with the local residential authorities and demonstrate that youve come in peace. Make another appointment at another office to get your biometrics recorded before you can receive your Auslnderausweises (resident permit). Pick it up at the local post office when its ready. Purchase mandatory Swiss health insurance. Make sure to follow the simple 6-step process (see slide 12) and respond to all the mandatory mail correspondence in German. Decide whether you should get a SIM card or not, but maybe free 2G international data with your family plan is good enough, even if that means you cant really instagram and snapchat any more unless youre waiting 5 minutes for an image to load. Guess its back to snail mail. Attend the welcome events including the intro session where they might throw fancy German words at you like Eigenverantwortung ~ ~ ~ E i g e n v e r a n t w o r t u n g. Simply put, I needed to realise that I was on my own. Not just across-the-country alone, but 3-thousand-plus-miles-away-in-a-different-continent-where-im-a-foreigner-and-dont-speak-the-lingo alone. I needed to make sure I could survive and thriveacademically, socially, individuallystarting with this todo list. I needed to realise that I couldnt rely on anything that I had at MIT, my friends, or the support system that I have cultivated the last 2.5 years. Not even Amazon Prime or Trader Joes. I had to quickly become comfortable with being uncomfortable. I couldnt even rely on my study habits and systems Ive nurtured since Freshmen year: how to take notes, tackle psets, complete labs, study for exams, attend office hours. Most courses would be graded solely on your performance on the final exam. One shot, 100% of your grade. No psets, participation grades, midterms, labs, projects, or any other sources of structured accountability that were used to at MIT. There wasnt going to be much in terms of extracurriculars, clubs, organisations, campus culture, dorm culture; no RAs, GRAs, academic advisors, or S3. Student life would be fundamentally different. Everything was going to be different, for better or worse. I needed to, in many ways, reinvent myself, to brace myself for culture shock. Eigenverantwortung was the Swiss take on Mens et Manus. Without the spoon-feeding or sugar-coating, ETH expected each of us take initiative and embrace our newfound autonomy. But with individual responsibility came freedom and independence. I was now in control of my own schedule, to form my own community and support network, to prioritise my responsibilities, to learn on my own, to apply the theory in whatever way that suited my learning style best. As long as I could grasp the material and write the exam, everything else was left to our own devices. I had the perfect opportunity to design and engineer the semester into whatever I wanted out of it. ~ ~ ~ Lets take a look at my course schedule. I attended 6 courses: Intro to Machine Learning, Human-Computer Interaction, 3D Vision, Ubiquitous Computing, Case Studies in Practice, and German A1.2totalling 24 ETCS credits. ETH students typically take a combination of small, medium, and big courses. 20-25 was the recommended number of credits for us on exchange. (There were, of course, students taking over 30 and even 35 credits, not dissimilar to those at MIT taking 72+ units.) Only one of my courses, Intro to ML, had tutorials (recitations), psets, and labs, but the psets werent graded and the labs were only there to help boost your grade on the final. Human-Computer Interaction was a seminar-style course, in which we read research papers and each week different groups presented on a different topic. For that seminar, along with 3D Vision, another project-based course, our final grade depended on a weighted sum of our presentations, final project, and final paper. I had traditional final exams for Ubiquitous Computing and Case Studies in Practice. For German, we were given a very manageable workload of weekly assignments and lists of vocabulary to memorise, verbs to conjugate. My course timetablea mere 16 hours of lectures a week (ETH-time is quarter-past). At least 56 hours for sleep (8 hours/day!), 24.5 hours for cooking and eating (3.5ish hours/day), so roughly 71.5 hours free to manage the rest of my life, studies and all. Compare my calendar from Junior fall to that of my Junior spring: Whats up with all that whitespace?!?!?!?!?1 I spy Free Time???!?!?!!1!11!!! At first I wasnt quite sure what to do with my newfound Free Time, a concept I only guiltily indulged in from time to time and lied to myself about because I never really do have Free Time. I looked for research positions, extra courses, part time work, clubs, and societies to fill that void. But I thought back to the one promise I made to myself before I left: embrace your once-in-a-lifetime opportunity to step away from all of my responsibilities and obligations, and do whatever you can to protect that Free Time and keep that schedule as free and open as possible. I wanted to have a spontaneous, stress-free semester. I wanted to appreciate my time at a new school, in a new country. I wanted to appreciate being a college student for once. The easy way out, though, was to load on more things. I was scared of being bored. Being busy was natural for me, saying Yes instead of No. But I forced myself to stay true to my promise. Just one semester for yourself, you owe it to yourself. Some people have asked if I experienced FOMO, spending over 9 months away from the tute and the people that make it special. Well, yes, I did miss my friends, but I would see them when I get back. Everything happening on campus would be more of the sameId been through 5 semesters of MIT already. The Real Answer: honestly, no, I didnt miss any of it, not at all. I barely even thought of MIT. More importantly, though, I didnt have 3 psets due in two days, 100 pages of reading to annotate the next morning, a paper to finish at midnight, a project deliverable and two midterms the next week. Add in to the mix serving as chapter president for my fraternity, continuing my UROP from the summer, recruiting for a Junior summer internship that spanned over 50 job applications and many more interviews more often than not ending up in rejections, training for the skating season trying to qualify for the US Championships, dealing with injuries and mental and physical fatigue. That semester, I was trying to juggle so many things and multitask every hour, micromanage every waking minute of the day, that everything got inextricably intertwined. I had grown increasingly out of touch with myself, enslaved by the rigidness of my calendar and todo lists, always worrying about what was next, the future instead of the present. I was trying to do it all, but not doing any single thing well. I was on the verge of burnoutI dont know how much longer I wouldve lasted. Looking back, the only way I survived throughout that hot mess of a semester was with the glimmer of hope. The hope of liberation, that if I could hold out just a little longer, I would be able to walk again, not be forced to sprint. I had been disillusioned with what my life at MIT had become. Studying abroad was my way out, my saving grace. It was the best excuse to step away from it all. Once in Zrich, I could finally breathe, hear myself think, reflect. It was a new school, new country, new year, new adventures, new me. It was time to finally take it all inone moment, one adventure, one memory at a time. A burden lifted, I was smiling more, laughing more, shoulders relaxed. I was happy. ~ ~ ~ With freedom and independence, no longer under constant bombardment of stress and looming deadlines, I could get my revision and coursework done during the day, and then spend my weekday nights exploring the city, take a Super Kondi workout class, go on long walks, pop in to local shops, skate whenever I wanted to, read a book, go hiking in the Alps, get to know an incredible array of Swiss, international, and exchange students, cook meals with friends, attend Zvieri in the middle of the day, visit different festivals like Fasnacht and Sechseluten, take a dip in Lake Zrich, enjoy the sunset on the rooftop. On the weekends, I could travel and explore Zrich, hop on the train to visit cities like Lausanne, Lucerne, or Basel, or even other countries nearby, like bordering Italy, France, Austria, and Germany. I could study hard, work hard, and afterwards, truly relax, unplug, and recharge without a worry. The Swiss heavily inspired me, too, to take on a new approach to balancing my academic and social spheres. They know how to take their time, enjoy themselves, balance their lives with work and leisure, get things done, pace themselves for the marathon of life, not the sprint to death. No wonder its one of the happiest countries in the world, so much so that many famous authors have taken refuge in the majestic Swiss alps for creative inspiration (anyone remember Frankenstein?). Work-life balance is a cultural expectation here. The two concepts arent mutually exclusive, like a school, sleep, social lifepick 2 sort of deal at MIT. Sundays, for example, you will find everyone outside, lying on the grass, enjoying their meals outside, dipping their feet in the river, reading a book, catching up with friends over brunch or coffee, throwing frisbees, hosting a picnic or barbecue, going skiing or hiking. Almost every shop and business is closed on this day of rest, 24 hours truly set aside for rest and regeneration, Free Time intentionally carved out for the masses. I could get used to that. ~ ~ ~ Now that Im about to start Senior year, Im coming back to MIT recharged, reenergised, reoriented. My first taste of liberation from overcommitment and burnout has shown me that its possible to take advantage of all the opportunities college has to offer without overworking or stressing yourself out to the brink of insanity. My self-worth isnt tied to all the things that I do, all the things that I achieve. As a trained engineer, I had been optimising for the wrong parameter: for work throughput, not our own selves. Theres always more to do, more to see, more to learn. I will never be able to do it all. But thats okay. Its fundamentally human. Instead, I can be happy and content and find meaning and value even in slowing down. I can approach MIT differently. It doesnt have to always feel like the masochist version of IHTFP. Yes, MIT may be one heck of a firehose, but cant I step slightly away from the nozzle? I just need to pick and choose my priorities, to be intentional about how I want to spent my time, how much water I consume. This is but the start of my career. I dont need to kill myself before I even begin. I have a perfect opportunity to start try to MIT again, more sustainably this time. It mightve taken 3,743 miles and 5 semesters to figure that out, 5 semesters of self-imposed overcommitment of saying too many yess, of trying to do it all, of nearly burning out, thinking that I would take pride in being as hosed as humanly possible, stretching my limits to its limits, thinking Id grow that way. But I think I get it now. For me, its a whole new mindset. Eigenverantwortung isnt just about checking one more thing off of your todo list as a Strong Independent Adult. Its also about the obligation to myself to take a pause, to reflect, to be deliberate in action and inaction. To find clarity amidst the noise, peace in the quiet, myself in the process. Yin with the Yang. I still keep too many todo lists, but Im not letting them guide my life. ~ ~ ~ Register for my courses again at ETH, in addition to the appropriate exams. (Youre allowed to attend the courses without writing the exams.) Sign up for the Erasmus Student Network and request a ESN mentor buddy! Through the University of Zrich Language Centre, sign up for a tandem partner to practice your Swiss German and teach your partner some English slang. (Be warned, your partners English may be nearly fluent, even if they dont say so. The Swiss are quite modest!) Make sure you have the student house kitchen and bathroom cleaning schedules marked down because if you miss a cleaning night youre punished with two additional ones. Message your skating friend who you met at a competition in Slovakia two years ago, who happens to have grown up and trains in Zurich. Ask her to introduce you to her coach and secure ice time while youre in the country. Remember to drop any exams you dont intend on taking. Figure out how to prepone exams because you already signed your life away for a summer internship in the US and cant take session exams in the month of August, schedule TBD, but somewhere in the 4-week time frame. First read through this handy-dandy 9-page document. Realise that an internship is not a valid excuse for ETH to prepone exams (most students end up staying on campus and study throughout the summer). Email Anne Hunter for helpshe has your back, like always, and gets you the letter you need. Once you get the approval from the Examination Office, one of your professors refuses to prepone a written exam because that would mean re-writing an entire final just for you and having one of the professors fly in from Austria just for you. Ask to take a distance exam and hope your intern manager will be okay with that. Figure out how to get the exam proctored come August, but thats future-you problem. Buy a transport pass to get around Switzerland at half price and free train travel after 7pm. Figure out how to find a doctor when your ear gets clogged for a few days and you freak out but luckily there is this lovely service called International SOS that has your back and finds a doctor for you who miraculously unclogs your ear and all is well again. Set up a bank account because you need to pay your rent and bills in Swiss francs and it would probably be better to have access to cash and ATMs and not have to constantly pay exorbitant exchange rate and ATM fees with your US bank but realise that most Swiss banks refuse to open an account for you because youre American and they dont want to deal with you but luckily there is one bank that would be happy to take your money and business and they are super nice and professional and even serve you sparkling water and Swiss chocolate while they process your account and paperwork. Figure out how to sublet your housing because youll be leaving after classes are over but youre forced on a 6 month lease because it aligns with the 6 month semester (hey, youre supposed to still be there studying during the summer). Interview a few people and host a showing and pick the one you think will keep your room clean and do the kitchen chores or else you lose your deposit. Of course, there are more forms to fill out and turn in. Plan a spring break trip with your new exchange friends to travel Europe but struggle to agree on an itinerary and then decide to travel on your own and meet up with another MIT exchange friend whos studying abroad in London. Youve preponed your exams, so buy a return ticket home! When youre about ready to leave, deregister from the authorities and tell them youre leaving the land of Swiss cheese and chocolate and have them revoke your residence permit. But before you go, pay some more money to get a piece of paper confirming with your mandatory Swiss health insurance that youre actually officially legitimately leaving with the Swiss government stamp of approval so you dont pay any more for monthly premiums. Set up your bank account to receive back your housing deposit, assuming all goes well with your subtenant. Remember the exam you have to take in August? Figure out how to get that proctored and send some emails back and forth to get some more signatures from your professors and the Examinations Office and the proctoring service. Pay for this exam out of pocket and for some reason no one will cover this expense (hey, youre supposed to still be there studying during the summer). Cancel your travel pass or else youll have another year of half-price transport in Switzerland. Maybe the perfect excuse to go back? Write up a study report, and arrange to have your transcripts sent back to MIT and figure out how to get transfer creditmore forms, more signatures, more paperwork, TBD. Begin your Senior fall 5 days after your exchange term officially ends.

Drones Fighting The War On Terror - 1873 Words

Drones: Fighting the War on Terror â€Å"Dozens of highly skilled al Qaeda commanders, trainers, bomb makers and operatives have been taken off the battlefield. Plots have been disrupted that would have targeted international aviation, US transit systems, European cities, and our troops in Afghanistan. Simply put, these strikes have saved lives† (Gerdau 1). These are the words of President Obama as he spoke on the effective use of the United States drone program. Drone operations have been in effect since our nation was targeted by al Qaeda in 2001. Anything that threatens American lives is undesirable; therefore, drone strikes against terrorists should continue to be utilized by the American government. In today’s society, our nation is threatened by foreign and domestic attacks from anti-American terrorist organizations. The government’s use of drones has drastically reduced this threat by decimating terrorist cells abroad. Drones are wartime weapons the United States government uses to fight the War on Terror. Officially known as unmanned aerial vehicles, this type of aircraft plays a vital role in protecting the United States, as well as many other countries around the world. Although there are multiple drones owned by the United States government, the MQ-9 Reaper and MQ-1B Predator drones are the most predominantly used drones; General Atomics Aeronautical Systems manufacture both aircrafts. The MQ-9 Reaper drone is primarily used for offensive strikes. ThisShow MoreRelatedMorality And Morality Of Drones896 Words   |  4 PagesMorality of Drones Throughout history warfare has constantly evolved in all aspects weapons, strategy, and the rationality of its declaration. Neglecting the causes of war the object of any country actively at war with another is to win, and the best way to win is to have something better than your enemy. 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She states that police areRead MoreThe War on Terror and the aAbuse of Human Rights Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pageslast decade the United States, among other countries, has fought a war on terror around the world that has resulted in new laws and policies that have drastically taken away the rights of human beings both in foreign countr ies and domestically. The war on terror has changed the lives of millions of people around the world irreparably. This war did not just start over night however, there were plenty of signs that led up to the war. The biggest sign was the attacks of 9/11 in which thousands of people

Make Your Own Magic Rocks in a Chemical Garden

Magic Rocks, sometimes called Chemical Garden or Crystal Garden, are a product that includes a small packet of multicolored rocks and some magic solution. You scatter the rocks at the bottom of a glass container, add the magic solution, and the rocks grow into magical-looking chemical towers within a day. Its crystal-growing at its finest for people who prefer not to wait days/weeks for results. After the chemical garden has grown, the magic solution is (carefully) poured off and replaced with water. At this point, the garden can be maintained as a decoration almost indefinitely. Magic rocks tend to be recommended for ages 10 because the rocks and solution are not edible! However, younger children will also enjoy growing magic rocks, providing they have close adult supervision. How Magic Rocks Work The Magic Rocks are chunks of metal salts that have been stabilized by being dispersed in aluminum hydroxide or alum. The magic solution is a solution of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) in water. The metal salts react with the sodium silicate to form the characteristic colored precipitant (chemical towers about 4 high). Grow Your Own Chemical Garden Magic rocks are available on the Internet and are quite inexpensive, but you can make them yourself. These are the salts used to make magic rocks. Some of the colorants are readily available; most require access to a general chemistry lab. White: calcium chloride (found on the laundry aisle of some stores)White: lead (II) nitratePurple: manganese (II) chlorideBlue: copper (II) sulfate (common chemistry lab chemical, also used for aquaria and as an algicide for pools)Red: cobalt (II) chloridePink: manganese (II) chlorideOrange: iron (III) chlorideYellow: iron (III) chlorideGreen: nickel (II) nitrate Make the garden by placing a thin layer of sand on the bottom of a 600-ml beaker (or equivalent glass container). Add a mixture consisting of 100-ml sodium silicate solution with 400 ml distilled water. Add crystals or chunks of the metal salts. If you add too many rocks the solution will turn cloudy and immediate precipitation will occur. A slower precipitation rate will give you a nice chemical garden. Once the garden has grown, you can replace the sodium silicate solution with pure water.

Mendel Vs. Darwin Free Essays

Dear Mr.. Mendel, I am very Interested In your study of genetics. We will write a custom essay sample on Mendel Vs. Darwin or any similar topic only for you Order Now I also am a Naturalist and we share the same passion for Gods creation. I have known, from your studies of genetics, organisms may only pass down traits to their offspring that they were born with. This proved Lamarckism theory to be incorrect. Your studies show many helpful genetic facts. One of which is all members of a species are all different in some way. This ties together part of my own theory called Natural Selection. I too believe that all organisms are born with different variations. Variations that help to get food or escape from predators will help that animal survive. Then, those animals will reproduce offspring with the helpful variation. Your genetic studies reinforce my theory of Natural Selection. One of our few differences is that you conduct controlled experiments, while I simply observe nature. Much of my work took place while sailing on the Beagle around South America and Africa. I observed the natural life and took notes. You seem to Like working In a laboratory while I Like to explore the world and see nature as It happens. Our methods of study are almost opposite, but both reveal much information. Every organism’s difference is a variation. While I traveled to the Galapagos, I noticed many variations in the finch species. From island to island, each finch bird has a different type of beak. I hypothesize this is because each island has different food sources so each bird adapted to their environment. Some have sharp, thin beaks to separate insects while others on different islands have shorter beaks to pick seed off the ground. I understand that in your research with peas you have found out that offspring inherit only traits that the parents were born with. I formed similar thoughts about the finches. As you may be thinking, my theory Is very controversial within the church. Most people think low upon me for believing my theory. Some say Natural Selection Is going against the churches belief of the Genesis written In the Bible. Fortunately for you, you are part of the monastery. You have your colleagues to support your ideas and thoughts. I am in the process of writing book to express my ideas to the people. I hope my ideas will be revolutionary and change the thoughts of evolution. My wish is that society will someday find value in my research, even if it is rejected by the church in present. Sincerely, Charles Darwin Mendel Vs.. Darwin By resourcefulness I am very interested in your study of genetics. I also am a Naturalist and we share the same passion for God’s creation. I have known, from your studies of genetics, One of our few differences is that you conduct controlled experiments, while I seem to like working in a laboratory while I like to explore the world and see nature as it happens. Our methods of study are almost opposite, but both reveal much As you may be thinking, my theory is very controversial within the church. Most people think low upon me for believing my theory. Some say Natural Selection is going against the churches belief. How to cite Mendel Vs. Darwin, Papers

Digital Forensic Investigation Of USB Flash Drive- Free sample

Question: Discuss about a Report on Digital Forensic Investigation of USB Flash Drive? Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to analyze a particular scenario based on digital forensics and the various investigation tools and techniques utilized for forensically analyzing the evidence items found in the particular situation. The scenario involves a crime scene committed by an ex-employee who was selling the organizations customer details such as bank account numbers, credit card details and other confidential information (Ali 2012). However, a USB flash drive that belongs to the man contains evidence that he used the credit card details of those customers to become a vendor of an individual website that required, at least, fifty credit card details for vendor ship approval. The report carries out a detail forensic investigation of the digital image of a USB flash drive for evidence relating to the above mentioned incident items. In this report, the above case has been investigated using digital forensic imager tool Encase software. It also involves description of the facts about the data hiding methods discovered during investigation of the case. The process also tries to identify the evidence found and their individual purposes. Analysis Some well-known forensic tools and techniques can be applied for processing the digital image of the USB flash drive and some relevant files, and evidence items can be recovered (Solomon et al. 2011). As many theories and pieces of evidence suggest, there are significant possibilities for hiding data in USB hard drives. Data hiding can be achieved using the concept of clusters. Digital forms of data hiding techniques include watermarking, cryptography or steganography. These are most commonly referred to as non-physical data hiding approach. Nevertheless, there is also another approach known as the physical aspect of data hiding. However, the case study states that neither cryptography nor steganography have been used in the data hiding process (Karlsson 2012). Hence, it can be told that physical data hiding has been followed in the present study to hide the customers financial details such as credit cards details, bank account details and other confidential information referred to in the case study. It takes advantage of the physical characteristics of the digital storage for the hiding purpose. Report of the Emails, Picture and Account Number The email IDs found from the investigation has been used for conversation among the suspects. The two emails are relevant with the case. Specific date and time that those emails were active have been identified. Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 1:00 pm Looking for email ID owners avendor12@gmail.com ccstolen_gov@dptfrd.co.uk Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 12:00 pm Examination of pictures found It is one sample among the 50 cards provided to the website by the ex-employee. Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 1:00pm The case is loaded into Encase for verification. Bank account number 00-11-22 12345678 USB drives most commonly function as data carriers and, therefore, can be very efficiently utilized for transporting business related data out of the organization (Sencar and Memon 2012). There are two alternative approaches to connect a USB device to the companys computer where the customer database resides. The first method is relatively straightforward, which involves a USB cable connected to the computers USB port. On the other hand, the second alternative technique is to utilize a USB hub. In the case of data hiding, the second approach is to be followed using USB hub. To hide the data, the different devices (USB stick acting as the data carrier, USB mouse and the USB hub) are combined to form a single appliance (Roy and Jain 2012). This method shows as if only the USB mouse is connected to the computer, when in fact, the internally hidden hub and USB stick goes unsuspected and can secretly store data using the mouse. Apart from hiding data, this technique can also be used to spread malware items. Solomon et al. (2011) stated that combination of data hiding and malware with the utilization of a USB stick can be applied as a hidden malware infected data carrier to transport data out of the organization. Data hiding technique It can be assumed that the attacker utilized a USB mouse to protect a USB data carrier (USB stick and USB hub combined) inside it. To fit the connected parts in the limited space inside the mouse, the size of the USB hub can be reduced by only keeping the PCB (printed circuit board) hub chip and the cable components. After that, the striping of USB stick is to be performed (Kruse and Heiser 2010). After stripping the stick (removal of the outer casing), a small PCB along with the memory chip and other necessary components are left. Apart from that, to incorporate adequate room inside the mouse case, the size of PCBs can be further reduced and ultimately the PCB and USB cable are connected inside the mouse with the process of soldering or with help if a connector (Hoog 2011). After carefully stripping the components, it is necessary to modify the USB hub so as to put the two PCBs (hub PCB and mouse PCB) together on top of each other. It is a crucial step to execute as it can block the internal LED rays in case the mouse uses LED color. For this purpose, the adjustment of USB hub PCB with the mouse PCB is performed very carefully (Rahman and Khan 2015). The next step is to wire the mouse hardware for connecting the USB port to the USB hub. The parts or components are then put together with the aid of soldering the wires. When this process is complete, the mouse can be connected to the computer and can be used to perform standard functions. This method allows any data stored in the USB stick to be hidden inside the mouse. NTFS (new technology file system) facilitates with potential opportunities for hiding data. However, according to ACPO (2010), USB flash memory devices does not write data into the same location more than once. As flash memories are non-volatile in nature, and flash translation layer (FTL) protocol is responsible for providing an access transparency between the user of a flash drive and the system itself. Encase Forensics is a software tool used for forensic analysis purposes. This particular case can be analyzed using this imager tool that recovers the basic USB history for investigation (Nelson, Phillips and Steuart 2015). The USBSTOR reveals the brand, vendor and a serial number of the USB. Other than that, the Mounted Devices key is found to get information about the drive letter. Imaging the USB drive is, therefore, the particular forensic investigation methodology adopted to parse the information. It can be effectively utilized for proving that the USB flash drive was connected to the organizations computer, by matching the drive letter and the time and date of USB drive insertion, along with the serial number or PID. To retrieve this information a detail forensic analysis was performed on the USB flash storage device using accurate forensic analysis tools (Sansurooah et al. 2013). Evidence analysis and examination are the next steps that involve interpreting the recovered data. After obtaining the forensic image, Encase Forensics is applied on the disk view: The exact number of used nodes is retrieved which in turn provides information about the type of partition being employed in the device. This is because the disk view of Encase does not contain any direct blocks on the inode tables (Lee 2014). Common program for recovering data in this manner necessitates a thorough examination of the inode structure including the direct blocks. Thereby, this tool is mainly utilized for the purpose of recovering deleted, damaged or erased information kept on Ext2 / Ext3 partitions of USB flash storage drives. Forensic Analysis using FTK Imager The items found using this tool are a bank account number, two email addresses, a photograph of a credit card and a particular website text. This is mounted with an FTK imager to enable PCI File Recovery (Kamble, Jain and Deshpande 2015). The following command is followed: File Image Mounting. After that, the steps to be performed are shown in the snapshots below: Thereafter, the PC Inspector File Recovery Window is activated and Open Unit is chosen: The disk created by FTK imager is then selected and Find Logical Unit is chosen. Next, the latest option is selected. After this step, a list of file is displayed to be recovered with this tool. Hence, mainly text files and image file have been found using this tool. The process applied for hiding the data has been discussed in detail above. Disk imaging is a digital forensic technique that uses specific imager software. Encase and FTK both are familiar imager tools in this field (Hoog and Strzempka 2011). However, for this case, FTK imager is used for analyzing the USB flash drive found in the ex-employee's jacket pocket. According to the ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers) digital evidence analysis, data can be hidden using other tools except steganography or encryption. It can be referred to as generic data hiding technique. Other alternative methods are discussed in the below paragraph. Knowing how data is being hidden in the USB flash drive file system structure essentially enables useful means to find that data. For this reason, various forensic analysis tools are used. However, besides steganography, encryption, or any other similar types of data hiding techniques, there are forensic analysis measures that can be applied to generic methods also (Roy and Jain 2012). For example, using FS, slacker, USB hub and stick combination with USB mouse / USB keyboard / USB printer can also be achieved to hide data. Finding hidden data is becoming quire complex with passing days as the number of anti-forensic tools and techniques are increasing. However, concerning the present case study, it is much easier to strip the components of a USB hub and a USB stick to fit the PCBs together so as to enable them to function in the desired manner. After that, they can be easily incorporated in a USB mouse and can be kept secretly hidden in the internal part of the mouse. Following whic h, anyone handling the mouse would in no way suspect the present of the USB hub and stick inside of it. Alternative technique The data hiding process discussed above was based on utilizing a USB mouse for data hiding (Dezfouli et al. 2012). However, there are possible alternative variations that can be implemented to perform a similar job as data hiding. Combining a USB stick and an USB hub for data transport can also be achieved using a USB keyboard. USB keyboards are usually equipped with USB hubs built internally. Therefore, the job can easily be performed even without the need for an extra USB hub. Metasploits Slacker is a useful tool for data hiding purposes that can be applied onto an USB flash drive having to operate on an FAT (file allocation table) or NTFS / new technology file system (Casey 2011). The slack space on a USB drive can be effectively utilized to hide data to make it inaccessible and unreachable. Slacker is a useful tool for such activities. The method adopted by Metaspoilts slacker depends on fragmenting the data into numerous segments and distributing the fragmented data across the USB drives slack space. Therefore, slacker utilizes the slack space o a hard disk by file splitting and slack space hiding. This process makes it more difficult for the forensic analysis tools to trace the hidden files and folders. In addition to that, there can be other alternative tools and techniques. However, Vacca (2012) states that extensive knowledge of the characteristics and structural specifications of hard drives or more precisely, USB drives can be helpful in figuring out the exact process used for hiding those particular data. Moreover, the implications also suggest that the type and characteristics of the area, the nature of disk activity after that information has been already written on the disk also hold significant impact on the overall approach of forensic analysis as the degree of persistence of the hidden data is influenced. Conclusion The various data hiding techniques that could have been applied for the purpose of hiding those data and information are discussed in this paper. The possible approaches to hide data using a USB flash drive, a USB stick and USB hub combined, acting as a data carrier have also been analyzed in this paper. It can be said that the employee could have used an of the above mentioned techniques for hiding data in the USB drive. For example, MetaSpolits slacker could have been used for hiding data in the slack space. Besides, there is a possibility that other types of data hiding techniques were applied. However, using some particular forensic analysis tools and methods, the digital image of the concerned USB flash drive has been captured for performing the forensic activities. The forensic imager tools such as FTK or Encase are usually applied for this purpose. However, for this particular study, the FTK imager has been chosen to analyze the image of the USB hard drive. References ACPO, 2012.ACPO Good Practice Guide for Digital Evidence. [online] Available at: https://library.college.police.uk/docs/acpo/digital-evidence-2012.pdf [Accessed 10 Jan. 2016]. Ali, K.M., 2012, July. Digital Forensics Best Practices and Managerial Implications. InComputational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks (CICSyN), 2012 Fourth International Conference on(pp. 196-199). IEEE. Casey, E., 2011.Digital evidence and computer crime: Forensic science, computers, and the internet. Academic press. Dezfouli, F.N., Dehghantanha, A., Mahmoud, R., Sani, N.F.B.M. and Bin Shamsuddin, S., 2012, June. Volatile memory acquisition using backup for forensic investigation. InCyber Security, Cyber Warfare and Digital Forensic (CyberSec), 2012 International Conference on(pp. 186-189). IEEE. Hoog, A. and Strzempka, K., 2011.iPhone and iOS forensics: Investigation, analysis and mobile security for Apple iPhone, iPad and iOS devices. Elsevier. Hoog, A., 2011.Android forensics: investigation, analysis and mobile security for Google Android. Elsevier. Kamble, D.R., Jain, N. and Deshpande, S., 2015. Cybercrimes Solutions using Digital Forensic Tools.International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies (IJWMT),5(6), p.11. Karlsson, K.J., 2012. Android anti-forensics at the operating system level. Kruse II, W.G. and Heiser, J.G., 2010.Computer forensics: incident response essentials. Pearson Education. Lee, J., 2014, October. Cyber incident forensics as a forward lean security. InInformation and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), 2014 International Conference on(pp. 872-873). IEEE. Nelson, B., Phillips, A. and Steuart, C., 2015.Guide to computer forensics and investigations. Cengage Learning. Rahman, S. and Khan, M.N.A., 2015. Review of Live Forensic Analysis Techniques.International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology,8(2), pp.379-388. Roy, T. and Jain, A., 2012. Windows registry forensics: an imperative step in tracking data theft via USB devices.IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies,3, pp.4427-4433. Sansurooah, K., Hope, H., Almutairi, H., Alnazawi, F. and Jiang, Y., 2013. An Investigation Into The Efficiency Of Forensic Data Erasure Tools For Removable Usb Flash Memory Storage Devices. Sencar, H.T. and Memon, N. eds., 2012.Digital image forensics: There is more to a picture than meets the eye. Springer Science Business Media. Solomon, M.G., Rudolph, K., Tittel, E., Broom, N. and Barrett, D., 2011.Computer forensics jumpstart. John Wiley Sons. Vacca, J.R., 2012.Computer and information security handbook. 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