Drones Fighting The War On Terror - 1873 Words

Drones: Fighting the War on Terror â€Å"Dozens of highly skilled al Qaeda commanders, trainers, bomb makers and operatives have been taken off the battlefield. Plots have been disrupted that would have targeted international aviation, US transit systems, European cities, and our troops in Afghanistan. Simply put, these strikes have saved lives† (Gerdau 1). These are the words of President Obama as he spoke on the effective use of the United States drone program. Drone operations have been in effect since our nation was targeted by al Qaeda in 2001. Anything that threatens American lives is undesirable; therefore, drone strikes against terrorists should continue to be utilized by the American government. In today’s society, our nation is threatened by foreign and domestic attacks from anti-American terrorist organizations. The government’s use of drones has drastically reduced this threat by decimating terrorist cells abroad. Drones are wartime weapons the United States government uses to fight the War on Terror. Officially known as unmanned aerial vehicles, this type of aircraft plays a vital role in protecting the United States, as well as many other countries around the world. Although there are multiple drones owned by the United States government, the MQ-9 Reaper and MQ-1B Predator drones are the most predominantly used drones; General Atomics Aeronautical Systems manufacture both aircrafts. The MQ-9 Reaper drone is primarily used for offensive strikes. ThisShow MoreRelatedMorality And Morality Of Drones896 Words   |  4 PagesMorality of Drones Throughout history warfare has constantly evolved in all aspects weapons, strategy, and the rationality of its declaration. Neglecting the causes of war the object of any country actively at war with another is to win, and the best way to win is to have something better than your enemy. So obviously a major driving force behind these evolutions is to get better at killing than your enemy. Although this is a simple concept the problem that we face now is that we have reached a pointRead MorePresident Obama s View Of The War On Terror1255 Words   |  6 PagesPresident Obama’s Approach to the War on Terror After the attacks on 9/11, the â€Å"War on Terror† became President Bush’s main focus for his political agenda. After the 2008 presidential election, soon that focus belonged to President Obama. The executive actions, legislation, and controversy that resulted during Bush’s presidency would soon be inherited by President Obama. During President Obama’s campaign in 2008, he promised that he would be very different from President Bush in how he employedRead MoreEye Of The Sky, The Biggest Moral Dilemma Of Drone Warfare1423 Words   |  6 PagesEye in the sky, The biggest moral dilemma of drone warfare The use of drones in battle fields remains to be one of the most divisive subjects in modern warfare. Use of unmanned aerial vehicles has become the hallmark of the war against terror. The move has elicited debate which is constantly gaining traction as more damming statistics are released on collateral damages associated with drone warfare. The United States has frequently deployed unmanned aerial vehicles to track down and kill enemy combatantsRead MoreUnmanned Aerial Vehicles894 Words   |  4 PagesUnmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), more commonly known as drones, are remote controlled aircraft with numerous applications. Smaller drones are used today for surveillance while larger ones can carry large missiles and bombs. When the â€Å"War on Terror† first started this technology was still in its infancy while today there are over 7,000 drones ready to deploy. (Murphy) With the extreme jump in the use of this ever growing technology it has garnered a great deal of controvers y over its use by the militaryRead MoreCan Drones Be Just?1233 Words   |  5 PagesWar can be defined as â€Å"an organized and deliberate political act by an established political authority, which must cause 1,000 or more deaths in a twelve-month period, and which requires at least two actors capable of harming each other† (253, Mingst.) This is a broad definition as war can take several different forms, categorized in various ways. Today, the United States is engaged in the War on Terror. In a post-9/11 world, terrorist attacks are even greater sources of fear to citizens, as wellRead MoreIs Drone Strikes Against Terrorism?1150 Words   |  5 PagesPresident George W. Bush administered the first use of drones in the fight against terrorism. The controversial topic has left many Americans asking themselves the crucial question: Should the United States continue using drone strikes against terrorists? The morality and effectiveness of drones has prompted discussions in the fight against terrorism on the homefront. The United States should continue to use drone strikes to fight in the war against terrorism as it is an ethical strategy in orderRead MoreIs The War On Terror Ethical?1720 Words   |  7 PagesIs the War on Terror ethical? Since the establishments of governments, since human societies had kings and queens, since governments were run under a religious doctrine, there has always been conflict between different groups of people. There will always be differences among people of different cultures, religions, race and ethnicity. There has always been a division of power between people and inequality in the world. There was a point in human history that slaves were bought and sold as propertyRead MoreThe Global War on Terror2359 Words   |  9 Pagesâ€Å"Global War on Terror.† Public support of the War on Terror has fluctuated since the invasions of Afghanistan in 2001 and Iraq in 2003, with support significantly dropping as the wars continued. This waning support has caused many to question the effectiveness of the War on Terror in the Middle East. By examining research conducted both prior to and after the September 11 attacks and the invasions of Iraq and Afghanistan, this paper demonstrates th at overall participation in organized terror activitiesRead MoreThe United States : Military Security And Foreign Affairs Essay1264 Words   |  6 PagesProfessor of Law, University of Notre Dame, tells the congressional Subcommittee on National Security and Foreign Affairs â€Å"Lawful Use of Combat Drones† that the United States is failing more often than not to follow the most important single rule governing drones: restricting their use to the battlefield. O’Connell begins her argument with by describing combat drones as battlefield weapons capable of inflicting very serious damage and being unlawful for use outside combat zones. She states that police areRead MoreThe War on Terror and the aAbuse of Human Rights Essay1051 Words   |  5 Pageslast decade the United States, among other countries, has fought a war on terror around the world that has resulted in new laws and policies that have drastically taken away the rights of human beings both in foreign countr ies and domestically. The war on terror has changed the lives of millions of people around the world irreparably. This war did not just start over night however, there were plenty of signs that led up to the war. The biggest sign was the attacks of 9/11 in which thousands of people

Make Your Own Magic Rocks in a Chemical Garden

Magic Rocks, sometimes called Chemical Garden or Crystal Garden, are a product that includes a small packet of multicolored rocks and some magic solution. You scatter the rocks at the bottom of a glass container, add the magic solution, and the rocks grow into magical-looking chemical towers within a day. Its crystal-growing at its finest for people who prefer not to wait days/weeks for results. After the chemical garden has grown, the magic solution is (carefully) poured off and replaced with water. At this point, the garden can be maintained as a decoration almost indefinitely. Magic rocks tend to be recommended for ages 10 because the rocks and solution are not edible! However, younger children will also enjoy growing magic rocks, providing they have close adult supervision. How Magic Rocks Work The Magic Rocks are chunks of metal salts that have been stabilized by being dispersed in aluminum hydroxide or alum. The magic solution is a solution of sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) in water. The metal salts react with the sodium silicate to form the characteristic colored precipitant (chemical towers about 4 high). Grow Your Own Chemical Garden Magic rocks are available on the Internet and are quite inexpensive, but you can make them yourself. These are the salts used to make magic rocks. Some of the colorants are readily available; most require access to a general chemistry lab. White: calcium chloride (found on the laundry aisle of some stores)White: lead (II) nitratePurple: manganese (II) chlorideBlue: copper (II) sulfate (common chemistry lab chemical, also used for aquaria and as an algicide for pools)Red: cobalt (II) chloridePink: manganese (II) chlorideOrange: iron (III) chlorideYellow: iron (III) chlorideGreen: nickel (II) nitrate Make the garden by placing a thin layer of sand on the bottom of a 600-ml beaker (or equivalent glass container). Add a mixture consisting of 100-ml sodium silicate solution with 400 ml distilled water. Add crystals or chunks of the metal salts. If you add too many rocks the solution will turn cloudy and immediate precipitation will occur. A slower precipitation rate will give you a nice chemical garden. Once the garden has grown, you can replace the sodium silicate solution with pure water.

Mendel Vs. Darwin Free Essays

Dear Mr.. Mendel, I am very Interested In your study of genetics. We will write a custom essay sample on Mendel Vs. Darwin or any similar topic only for you Order Now I also am a Naturalist and we share the same passion for Gods creation. I have known, from your studies of genetics, organisms may only pass down traits to their offspring that they were born with. This proved Lamarckism theory to be incorrect. Your studies show many helpful genetic facts. One of which is all members of a species are all different in some way. This ties together part of my own theory called Natural Selection. I too believe that all organisms are born with different variations. Variations that help to get food or escape from predators will help that animal survive. Then, those animals will reproduce offspring with the helpful variation. Your genetic studies reinforce my theory of Natural Selection. One of our few differences is that you conduct controlled experiments, while I simply observe nature. Much of my work took place while sailing on the Beagle around South America and Africa. I observed the natural life and took notes. You seem to Like working In a laboratory while I Like to explore the world and see nature as It happens. Our methods of study are almost opposite, but both reveal much information. Every organism’s difference is a variation. While I traveled to the Galapagos, I noticed many variations in the finch species. From island to island, each finch bird has a different type of beak. I hypothesize this is because each island has different food sources so each bird adapted to their environment. Some have sharp, thin beaks to separate insects while others on different islands have shorter beaks to pick seed off the ground. I understand that in your research with peas you have found out that offspring inherit only traits that the parents were born with. I formed similar thoughts about the finches. As you may be thinking, my theory Is very controversial within the church. Most people think low upon me for believing my theory. Some say Natural Selection Is going against the churches belief of the Genesis written In the Bible. Fortunately for you, you are part of the monastery. You have your colleagues to support your ideas and thoughts. I am in the process of writing book to express my ideas to the people. I hope my ideas will be revolutionary and change the thoughts of evolution. My wish is that society will someday find value in my research, even if it is rejected by the church in present. Sincerely, Charles Darwin Mendel Vs.. Darwin By resourcefulness I am very interested in your study of genetics. I also am a Naturalist and we share the same passion for God’s creation. I have known, from your studies of genetics, One of our few differences is that you conduct controlled experiments, while I seem to like working in a laboratory while I like to explore the world and see nature as it happens. Our methods of study are almost opposite, but both reveal much As you may be thinking, my theory is very controversial within the church. Most people think low upon me for believing my theory. Some say Natural Selection is going against the churches belief. How to cite Mendel Vs. Darwin, Papers

Digital Forensic Investigation Of USB Flash Drive- Free sample

Question: Discuss about a Report on Digital Forensic Investigation of USB Flash Drive? Answer: Introduction The aim of the report is to analyze a particular scenario based on digital forensics and the various investigation tools and techniques utilized for forensically analyzing the evidence items found in the particular situation. The scenario involves a crime scene committed by an ex-employee who was selling the organizations customer details such as bank account numbers, credit card details and other confidential information (Ali 2012). However, a USB flash drive that belongs to the man contains evidence that he used the credit card details of those customers to become a vendor of an individual website that required, at least, fifty credit card details for vendor ship approval. The report carries out a detail forensic investigation of the digital image of a USB flash drive for evidence relating to the above mentioned incident items. In this report, the above case has been investigated using digital forensic imager tool Encase software. It also involves description of the facts about the data hiding methods discovered during investigation of the case. The process also tries to identify the evidence found and their individual purposes. Analysis Some well-known forensic tools and techniques can be applied for processing the digital image of the USB flash drive and some relevant files, and evidence items can be recovered (Solomon et al. 2011). As many theories and pieces of evidence suggest, there are significant possibilities for hiding data in USB hard drives. Data hiding can be achieved using the concept of clusters. Digital forms of data hiding techniques include watermarking, cryptography or steganography. These are most commonly referred to as non-physical data hiding approach. Nevertheless, there is also another approach known as the physical aspect of data hiding. However, the case study states that neither cryptography nor steganography have been used in the data hiding process (Karlsson 2012). Hence, it can be told that physical data hiding has been followed in the present study to hide the customers financial details such as credit cards details, bank account details and other confidential information referred to in the case study. It takes advantage of the physical characteristics of the digital storage for the hiding purpose. Report of the Emails, Picture and Account Number The email IDs found from the investigation has been used for conversation among the suspects. The two emails are relevant with the case. Specific date and time that those emails were active have been identified. Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 1:00 pm Looking for email ID owners avendor12@gmail.com ccstolen_gov@dptfrd.co.uk Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 12:00 pm Examination of pictures found It is one sample among the 50 cards provided to the website by the ex-employee. Date Time Action Evidence Found Notes 15/01/2016 1:00pm The case is loaded into Encase for verification. Bank account number 00-11-22 12345678 USB drives most commonly function as data carriers and, therefore, can be very efficiently utilized for transporting business related data out of the organization (Sencar and Memon 2012). There are two alternative approaches to connect a USB device to the companys computer where the customer database resides. The first method is relatively straightforward, which involves a USB cable connected to the computers USB port. On the other hand, the second alternative technique is to utilize a USB hub. In the case of data hiding, the second approach is to be followed using USB hub. To hide the data, the different devices (USB stick acting as the data carrier, USB mouse and the USB hub) are combined to form a single appliance (Roy and Jain 2012). This method shows as if only the USB mouse is connected to the computer, when in fact, the internally hidden hub and USB stick goes unsuspected and can secretly store data using the mouse. Apart from hiding data, this technique can also be used to spread malware items. Solomon et al. (2011) stated that combination of data hiding and malware with the utilization of a USB stick can be applied as a hidden malware infected data carrier to transport data out of the organization. Data hiding technique It can be assumed that the attacker utilized a USB mouse to protect a USB data carrier (USB stick and USB hub combined) inside it. To fit the connected parts in the limited space inside the mouse, the size of the USB hub can be reduced by only keeping the PCB (printed circuit board) hub chip and the cable components. After that, the striping of USB stick is to be performed (Kruse and Heiser 2010). After stripping the stick (removal of the outer casing), a small PCB along with the memory chip and other necessary components are left. Apart from that, to incorporate adequate room inside the mouse case, the size of PCBs can be further reduced and ultimately the PCB and USB cable are connected inside the mouse with the process of soldering or with help if a connector (Hoog 2011). After carefully stripping the components, it is necessary to modify the USB hub so as to put the two PCBs (hub PCB and mouse PCB) together on top of each other. It is a crucial step to execute as it can block the internal LED rays in case the mouse uses LED color. For this purpose, the adjustment of USB hub PCB with the mouse PCB is performed very carefully (Rahman and Khan 2015). The next step is to wire the mouse hardware for connecting the USB port to the USB hub. The parts or components are then put together with the aid of soldering the wires. When this process is complete, the mouse can be connected to the computer and can be used to perform standard functions. This method allows any data stored in the USB stick to be hidden inside the mouse. NTFS (new technology file system) facilitates with potential opportunities for hiding data. However, according to ACPO (2010), USB flash memory devices does not write data into the same location more than once. As flash memories are non-volatile in nature, and flash translation layer (FTL) protocol is responsible for providing an access transparency between the user of a flash drive and the system itself. Encase Forensics is a software tool used for forensic analysis purposes. This particular case can be analyzed using this imager tool that recovers the basic USB history for investigation (Nelson, Phillips and Steuart 2015). The USBSTOR reveals the brand, vendor and a serial number of the USB. Other than that, the Mounted Devices key is found to get information about the drive letter. Imaging the USB drive is, therefore, the particular forensic investigation methodology adopted to parse the information. It can be effectively utilized for proving that the USB flash drive was connected to the organizations computer, by matching the drive letter and the time and date of USB drive insertion, along with the serial number or PID. To retrieve this information a detail forensic analysis was performed on the USB flash storage device using accurate forensic analysis tools (Sansurooah et al. 2013). Evidence analysis and examination are the next steps that involve interpreting the recovered data. After obtaining the forensic image, Encase Forensics is applied on the disk view: The exact number of used nodes is retrieved which in turn provides information about the type of partition being employed in the device. This is because the disk view of Encase does not contain any direct blocks on the inode tables (Lee 2014). Common program for recovering data in this manner necessitates a thorough examination of the inode structure including the direct blocks. Thereby, this tool is mainly utilized for the purpose of recovering deleted, damaged or erased information kept on Ext2 / Ext3 partitions of USB flash storage drives. Forensic Analysis using FTK Imager The items found using this tool are a bank account number, two email addresses, a photograph of a credit card and a particular website text. This is mounted with an FTK imager to enable PCI File Recovery (Kamble, Jain and Deshpande 2015). The following command is followed: File Image Mounting. After that, the steps to be performed are shown in the snapshots below: Thereafter, the PC Inspector File Recovery Window is activated and Open Unit is chosen: The disk created by FTK imager is then selected and Find Logical Unit is chosen. Next, the latest option is selected. After this step, a list of file is displayed to be recovered with this tool. Hence, mainly text files and image file have been found using this tool. The process applied for hiding the data has been discussed in detail above. Disk imaging is a digital forensic technique that uses specific imager software. Encase and FTK both are familiar imager tools in this field (Hoog and Strzempka 2011). However, for this case, FTK imager is used for analyzing the USB flash drive found in the ex-employee's jacket pocket. According to the ACPO (Association of Chief Police Officers) digital evidence analysis, data can be hidden using other tools except steganography or encryption. It can be referred to as generic data hiding technique. Other alternative methods are discussed in the below paragraph. Knowing how data is being hidden in the USB flash drive file system structure essentially enables useful means to find that data. For this reason, various forensic analysis tools are used. However, besides steganography, encryption, or any other similar types of data hiding techniques, there are forensic analysis measures that can be applied to generic methods also (Roy and Jain 2012). For example, using FS, slacker, USB hub and stick combination with USB mouse / USB keyboard / USB printer can also be achieved to hide data. Finding hidden data is becoming quire complex with passing days as the number of anti-forensic tools and techniques are increasing. However, concerning the present case study, it is much easier to strip the components of a USB hub and a USB stick to fit the PCBs together so as to enable them to function in the desired manner. After that, they can be easily incorporated in a USB mouse and can be kept secretly hidden in the internal part of the mouse. Following whic h, anyone handling the mouse would in no way suspect the present of the USB hub and stick inside of it. Alternative technique The data hiding process discussed above was based on utilizing a USB mouse for data hiding (Dezfouli et al. 2012). However, there are possible alternative variations that can be implemented to perform a similar job as data hiding. Combining a USB stick and an USB hub for data transport can also be achieved using a USB keyboard. USB keyboards are usually equipped with USB hubs built internally. Therefore, the job can easily be performed even without the need for an extra USB hub. Metasploits Slacker is a useful tool for data hiding purposes that can be applied onto an USB flash drive having to operate on an FAT (file allocation table) or NTFS / new technology file system (Casey 2011). The slack space on a USB drive can be effectively utilized to hide data to make it inaccessible and unreachable. Slacker is a useful tool for such activities. The method adopted by Metaspoilts slacker depends on fragmenting the data into numerous segments and distributing the fragmented data across the USB drives slack space. Therefore, slacker utilizes the slack space o a hard disk by file splitting and slack space hiding. This process makes it more difficult for the forensic analysis tools to trace the hidden files and folders. In addition to that, there can be other alternative tools and techniques. However, Vacca (2012) states that extensive knowledge of the characteristics and structural specifications of hard drives or more precisely, USB drives can be helpful in figuring out the exact process used for hiding those particular data. Moreover, the implications also suggest that the type and characteristics of the area, the nature of disk activity after that information has been already written on the disk also hold significant impact on the overall approach of forensic analysis as the degree of persistence of the hidden data is influenced. Conclusion The various data hiding techniques that could have been applied for the purpose of hiding those data and information are discussed in this paper. The possible approaches to hide data using a USB flash drive, a USB stick and USB hub combined, acting as a data carrier have also been analyzed in this paper. It can be said that the employee could have used an of the above mentioned techniques for hiding data in the USB drive. For example, MetaSpolits slacker could have been used for hiding data in the slack space. Besides, there is a possibility that other types of data hiding techniques were applied. However, using some particular forensic analysis tools and methods, the digital image of the concerned USB flash drive has been captured for performing the forensic activities. The forensic imager tools such as FTK or Encase are usually applied for this purpose. However, for this particular study, the FTK imager has been chosen to analyze the image of the USB hard drive. References ACPO, 2012.ACPO Good Practice Guide for Digital Evidence. [online] Available at: https://library.college.police.uk/docs/acpo/digital-evidence-2012.pdf [Accessed 10 Jan. 2016]. Ali, K.M., 2012, July. Digital Forensics Best Practices and Managerial Implications. InComputational Intelligence, Communication Systems and Networks (CICSyN), 2012 Fourth International Conference on(pp. 196-199). IEEE. Casey, E., 2011.Digital evidence and computer crime: Forensic science, computers, and the internet. Academic press. Dezfouli, F.N., Dehghantanha, A., Mahmoud, R., Sani, N.F.B.M. and Bin Shamsuddin, S., 2012, June. Volatile memory acquisition using backup for forensic investigation. InCyber Security, Cyber Warfare and Digital Forensic (CyberSec), 2012 International Conference on(pp. 186-189). IEEE. Hoog, A. and Strzempka, K., 2011.iPhone and iOS forensics: Investigation, analysis and mobile security for Apple iPhone, iPad and iOS devices. Elsevier. Hoog, A., 2011.Android forensics: investigation, analysis and mobile security for Google Android. Elsevier. Kamble, D.R., Jain, N. and Deshpande, S., 2015. Cybercrimes Solutions using Digital Forensic Tools.International Journal of Wireless and Microwave Technologies (IJWMT),5(6), p.11. Karlsson, K.J., 2012. Android anti-forensics at the operating system level. Kruse II, W.G. and Heiser, J.G., 2010.Computer forensics: incident response essentials. Pearson Education. Lee, J., 2014, October. Cyber incident forensics as a forward lean security. InInformation and Communication Technology Convergence (ICTC), 2014 International Conference on(pp. 872-873). IEEE. Nelson, B., Phillips, A. and Steuart, C., 2015.Guide to computer forensics and investigations. Cengage Learning. Rahman, S. and Khan, M.N.A., 2015. Review of Live Forensic Analysis Techniques.International Journal of Hybrid Information Technology,8(2), pp.379-388. Roy, T. and Jain, A., 2012. Windows registry forensics: an imperative step in tracking data theft via USB devices.IJCSIT) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Technologies,3, pp.4427-4433. Sansurooah, K., Hope, H., Almutairi, H., Alnazawi, F. and Jiang, Y., 2013. An Investigation Into The Efficiency Of Forensic Data Erasure Tools For Removable Usb Flash Memory Storage Devices. Sencar, H.T. and Memon, N. eds., 2012.Digital image forensics: There is more to a picture than meets the eye. Springer Science Business Media. Solomon, M.G., Rudolph, K., Tittel, E., Broom, N. and Barrett, D., 2011.Computer forensics jumpstart. John Wiley Sons. Vacca, J.R., 2012.Computer and information security handbook. 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